Cumhdach

Cumdach Leabhar Aifrinn Lothra, 11ú haois

Bosca miotail ornáideach is ea cumhdach (cumdach) chun lámhscríbhinní nó taisí as an luath-mheánaois i nÉirinn a choimeád. De ghnáth, tá siad níos sine ná an réad laistigh, go minic le roinnt aoiseanna: an leabhar as buaic-ré na mainistreacha roimh an mbliain 800, agus an cumhdach tar éis na bliana 1000.

Soiscéal Mholaise, 11ú haois

De ghnáth mar bhundearadh, tá crios ar an aghaidh maisithe le clocha lómhara móra, agus maisiúcháin éagsúla thart uirthi. D'iompraítí iad le slabhra miotail nó téad leathair cord, caite ar crios nó timpeall an mhuinéil in aice an chroí, ag tabhairt de thairbhe leas spioradálta agus leighis (cf Soiscéal Naomh Cuthbert, a choinnítí i mála leathair in Durham meánaoiseach). D'úsáidtí iad go hoifigiúil mar fhinnéithe conartha. Bhíodh cosantóirí ó oidhreacht as clanna de chuid na rítheaghlach.

Níl ach cúig luath-chumhdach ann inniu atá fós ar mharthain. Caomhnaítear iad siúd atá ar mharthain i gColáiste na Tríonóide (CnT) agus i nArd-Mhúsaem na hÉireann (AMÉ).

• Leabhar Dhioma (CnT)
• Leabhar Mholing (CnT)
• Cathach Cholm Cille (AMÉ)
• Leabhar Aifrinn Lothra/Stowe (AMÉ)
• Soiscéal Mholaise (AMÉ)

Táthar ar an eolas go raibh cumhdaigh nó ceangail leabhar seodmhara ag saothar eile amhail is Leabhar Cheanannais, Leabhar Ard Mhacha agus Leabhar Dharú. Óir go ndearnadh iad as miotail lómhara luachmhara, tharraingíodh siad gadaithe orthu.

Foinsí

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• The Stowe Missal: MS. D. II. 3 in the Library of the Royal Irish Academy, Dublin, edited by George F. Warner (1906), from the Internet Archive
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