Triaid Döbereiner

Faoi 1829, i stair an tábla pheiriadaigh, luath iarracht ab ea triaid Döbereiner na dúile a shórtáil in ord loighciúil éigin de réir a n-airíonna fisiciúla. Sa bhliain 1817, thuairiscigh litir faoi bharúlacha Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner ar na miotail chré-alcaileacha; is é sin, go raibh airíonna ag an strointiam a bhí idirmheánach dóibh siúd a bhí ag cailciam agus bairiam.^[1] Faoi 1829, bhí grúpaí eile de thrí dhúil (mar sin "triaid") aimsithe ag Döbereiner a raibh baint chéanna ag a n-airíonna fisiciúla leo.^[2] Thug sé faoi deara freisin gur lean roinnt airíonna inchainníochtaithe de dhúile (m.sh. meáchan adamhach agus dlús) treocht trína ndéanfaí luach na dúile lárnaí sa triad a thuar go díreach nó beagnach trí mheán uimhríochtúil luachanna don mhaoin sin den dá dhúil eile a thógáil.

Mais adamhach tuartha vs mais adamhach iarbhír d'adamh lárnach i ngach triad
Ainm an triaid^[2]	Dúile agus maiseanna adamhacha^[2]^[3]
Ainm an triaid^[2]	Dúil 1 Mais	Dúil 2 Meán of 1 and 3 Mais iarbhír	Dúil 3 Mais
Dúile a chruthaíonn miotail alcaile	Litiam 6.94	Sóidiam 23.02 22.99	Potaisiam 39.10
Dúile a chruthaíonn miotal chré-alcaileacha	Cailciam 40.1	Strointiam 88.7 87.6	Bairiam 137.3
Dúile a chruthaíonn salann	Clóirín 35.470	Bróimín 80.470 78.383	Iaidín 126.470
Dúile a chruthaíonn aigéad	Sulfar 32.239	Seiléiniam 80.741 79.263	Teallúiriam 129.243
Triad iarainn	Iarann 55.8	Cóbalt 57.25 58.9	Nicil 58.7

Tagairtí

↑ "Auszug eines Briefes vom Hofrath Wurzer, Prof. der Chemie zu Marburg" (as German) (1817). Annalen der Physik 56 (7): 331–334. doi:10.1002/andp.18170560709. Bibcode: 1817AnP....56..331.. From pp. 332–333: "In der Gegend von Jena (bei Dornburg) … Schwerspaths seyn möchte." (In the area of Jena (near Dornburg) it is known that celestine has been discovered in large quantities. This gave Mr. Döbereiner cause to inquire rigorously into the stoichiometric value of strontium oxide by a great series of experiments. It turned out that it [i.e., the molar weight of strontium oxide] – if that of hydrogen is expressed by 1 or that of oxygen is expressed by the number 7.5 – is equal to 50. This number is, however, precisely the arithmetic mean of that which denotes the stoichiometric value of calcium oxide (= 27.55) and of that which denotes the stoichiometric value of barium oxide (= 72.5) ; namely (27.5 + 72.5) / 2 = 50. For a moment, Mr. Döbereiner found himself thereby caused to doubt the independent existence of strontium; however, this withstood both his analytical and synthetic experiments. Even more noteworthy is the circumstance that the specific weight of strontium sulfide is likewise the arithmetic mean of that of pure (water-free) calcium sulfide and that [i.e., the sulfide] of barium, namely (2.9 + 4.40) / 2 = 3.65 ; which must cause [one] to believe even more that celestine might be a mixture of equal stoichiometric amounts of anhydrite [i.e., anhydrous calcium sulfate] and barite.)
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Döbereiner (1829). "Versuch zu einer Gruppirung der elementaren Stoffe nach ihrer Analogie" (as German). Annalen der Physik und Chemie 15 (2): 301–307. doi:10.1002/andp.18290910217. Bibcode: 1829AnP....91..301D. For an English translation of this article, see: Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner: "An Attempt to Group Elementary Substances according to Their Analogies" (Lemoyne College (Syracuse, New York, USA))
↑ Tá ort na shonrú' 'teideal = agus' 'url = nuair a úsáideann {{ lua idirlín}}."". Cartlannaíodh an bunleathanach ar 2016-03-23.

[1] "Auszug eines Briefes vom Hofrath Wurzer, Prof. der Chemie zu Marburg" (as German) (1817). Annalen der Physik 56 (7): 331–334. doi:10.1002/andp.18170560709. Bibcode: 1817AnP....56..331.. From pp. 332–333: "In der Gegend von Jena (bei Dornburg) … Schwerspaths seyn möchte." (In the area of Jena (near Dornburg) it is known that celestine has been discovered in large quantities. This gave Mr. Döbereiner cause to inquire rigorously into the stoichiometric value of strontium oxide by a great series of experiments. It turned out that it [i.e., the molar weight of strontium oxide] – if that of hydrogen is expressed by 1 or that of oxygen is expressed by the number 7.5 – is equal to 50. This number is, however, precisely the arithmetic mean of that which denotes the stoichiometric value of calcium oxide (= 27.55) and of that which denotes the stoichiometric value of barium oxide (= 72.5) ; namely (27.5 + 72.5) / 2 = 50. For a moment, Mr. Döbereiner found himself thereby caused to doubt the independent existence of strontium; however, this withstood both his analytical and synthetic experiments. Even more noteworthy is the circumstance that the specific weight of strontium sulfide is likewise the arithmetic mean of that of pure (water-free) calcium sulfide and that [i.e., the sulfide] of barium, namely (2.9 + 4.40) / 2 = 3.65 ; which must cause [one] to believe even more that celestine might be a mixture of equal stoichiometric amounts of anhydrite [i.e., anhydrous calcium sulfate] and barite.)

[D1829-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Döbereiner (1829). "Versuch zu einer Gruppirung der elementaren Stoffe nach ihrer Analogie" (as German). Annalen der Physik und Chemie 15 (2): 301–307. doi:10.1002/andp.18290910217. Bibcode: 1829AnP....91..301D. For an English translation of this article, see: Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner: "An Attempt to Group Elementary Substances according to Their Analogies" (Lemoyne College (Syracuse, New York, USA))

[3] Tá ort na shonrú' 'teideal = agus' 'url = nuair a úsáideann {{ lua idirlín}}."". Cartlannaíodh an bunleathanach ar 2016-03-23.

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