Bithóipse leachtach

Is éard is bithóipse leachtach ann ná an tsampláil agus an anailís ar fhíochán bitheolaíoch neamhsholadach, fuil go príomha.^[1]^[2] Cosúil le bithóipse thraidisiúnta, úsáidtear an cineál seo teicníochta go príomha mar uirlis dhiagnóiseach agus mhonatóireachta le haghaidh galar cosúil le hailse, agus leis an tairbhe bhreise a bhaineann le bheith neamhionrach den chuid is mó. Féadfar bithóipsí leachtacha a úsáid freisin chun éifeachtúlacht druga cóireála ailse a bhailíochtú trí shamplaí iolracha a thógáil i gceann cúpla seachtain. Féadfaidh an teicneolaíocht a bheith tairbheach freisin d'othair tar éis cóireála chun monatóireacht a dhéanamh ar athiompú.^[3]

Níl cur i bhfeidhm cliniciúil na mbithóipse leachtacha forleathan fós ach tá siad ag éirí caighdeánach mar chúram i réimsí áirithe.^[4]

Cineálacha

Tá roinnt cineálacha de mhodhanna bithóipsí leachtacha ann; braitheann roghnú an mhodha ar an riocht sláinte a bhfuil staidéar á dhéanamh air.

Galar	Fíocháin sampláilte	Nós imeachta samplála	Ionrachtacht	Substaint scoite amach	Modh leithlisithe agus braite	Anailís	Tag
Ailse (éagsúla)	Fuil	Fleibeatóime	Íosionrach	Cealla meall a scaiptear (CTCanna)	Éagsúla (m.sh CellSearch, RosetteStep, Dynabeads)	Cíteiméadracht sreafa, eastóscadh aigéid núicléacha, imdhíon-cheimic, measúnachtaí feidhmiúla	^[5]^[6]^[7]
Ailse (éagsúla)	Fuil	Fleibeatóime	Íosionrach	DNA siadaí a scaiptear (ctDNA)	eastóscadh DNA	Seicheamhú don chéad ghlúin eile	^[8]^[9]^[10]
Carcinoma urothelial	fual	Bailiúchán fual	Neamh-ionrach	DNA siadaí urinary (utDNA)	eastóscadh DNA	Seicheamhú don chéad ghlúin eile	^[11]
Ailsí neamh-urological	fual	Bailiúchán fual	Neamh-ionrach	Próitéiní fual, meitibilítí	HPLC - MS	Próitéamaíocht, meitibileacht	^[12]^[13]
Taom croí	Fuil	Fleibeatóime	Íosionrach	Cealla endothelial a scaiptear (CECs)	Éagsúla (m.sh CellSearch, HD-CEC)	Cíteiméadracht sreafa	^[14]
Galair néareolaíocha	Sreabhán cerebrospinal	Puncture lumbar	Ionrach	Próitéiní CSF, aigéid núicléacha	Éagsúla	ELISA, measúnacht ilphléacs, seicheamhú don chéad ghlúin eile	^[15]^[16]
Diagnóis réamhbhreithe	fuil (máthair)	Fleibeatóime	Íosionrach	DNA féatais saor ó chealla (cffDNA)	eastóscadh DNA	Karyotyping, hibridiú fluaraiseacha in situ	^[17]
Diagnóis réamhbhreithe	fuil (máthair)	Fleibeatóime	Íosionrach	Cealla féatais san fhuil mháthar (FCMB)	Cíteiméadracht sreafa	Karyotyping, hibridiú fluaraiseacha in situ	^[18]
Diagnóis réamhbhreithe	fola (corda imleacáin)	Cordocentesis	Ionrach	Cealla fola imleacáin agus móilíní	Éagsúla	Karyotyping, fuilchlóscríobh, tástálacha fola, tástáil Kleihauer–Betke, cíteiméadracht sreafa	^[19]
Diagnóis réamhbhreithe	Sreabhán amniotic	Aimniceintéis	Ionrach	Cealla sreabhach amniotic agus móilíní	Éagsúla	Karyotyping, clóscríobh fola, cóimheas L/S, cóimheas S/A	^[20]

Féach freisin

Amparo Tolosa: Biopsias líquidas del humor acuoso para analizar la composición genética del retinoblastoma Genética Médica News, 26 de outubro de 2017.
Ana Hubel: El ADN Circulante y sus aplicaciones clínicas Genética Médica Blog, 10 de xaneiro de 2018.
Igenomix presenta una nueva técnica no invasiva para predecir la receptividad endometrial mediante una biopsia líquida de endometrio. El estudio, liderado por el Dr. Carlos Simón, y cuyo primer autor es el Dr. Felipe Vilella, confirma la utilización de la biopsia líquida como alternativa a la biopsia tradicional de endometrio para obtener un diagnóstico no invasivo e indoloro de la receptividad endometrial y otras aplicaciones como diagnosticar el microbioma endometrial. Imgemonix. San Antonio (TX, USA), 31 de outubro de 2017.
Diseñada la primera biopsia líquida en líquido cefalorraquídeo para diagnosticar tumor cerebral Salud Ediciones, 12 de xaneiro de 2016.

Naisc sheachtracha

Blood test spots multiple cancers without clear symptoms, study finds

↑ Alix-Panabières (January 2013). "Circulating tumor cells: liquid biopsy of cancer". Clinical Chemistry 59 (1): 110–118. doi:10.1373/clinchem.2012.194258. ISSN 1530-8561. PMID 23014601.
↑ Crowley (9 July 2013). "Liquid biopsy: monitoring cancer-genetics in the blood". Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology 10 (8): 472–484. doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2013.110. PMID 23836314.
↑ "Understanding cancer's unruly origins helps early diagnosis". The Economist. Dáta rochtana: 2017-09-29.
↑ Gingras (November 2015). "Liquid biopsy: will it be the 'magic tool' for monitoring response of solid tumors to anticancer therapies?". Current Opinion in Oncology 27 (6): 560–567. doi:10.1097/CCO.0000000000000223. PMID 26335664.
↑ Peeters (April 2013). "Semiautomated isolation and molecular characterisation of single or highly purified tumour cells from CellSearch enriched blood samples using dielectrophoretic cell sorting". British Journal of Cancer 108 (6): 1358–1367. doi:10.1038/bjc.2013.92. PMID 23470469.
↑ Agerbæk (December 2018). "The VAR2CSA malaria protein efficiently retrieves circulating tumor cells in an EpCAM-independent manner". Nature Communications 9 (1): 3279. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-05793-2. PMID 30115931. Bibcode: 2018NatCo...9.3279A.
↑ Thiele (2019). "Single-Cell Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells". Tumor Profiling 1908: 243–264. doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-9004-7_17. ISBN 978-1-4939-9002-3. PMID 30649733.
↑ Heitzer (11 November 2014). "Circulating Tumor DNA as a Liquid Biopsy for Cancer". Clinical Chemistry 61 (1): 112–123. doi:10.1373/clinchem.2014.222679. PMID 25388429.
↑ Wan (24 February 2017). "Liquid biopsies come of age: towards implementation of circulating tumour DNA". Nature Reviews Cancer 17 (4): 223–238. doi:10.1038/nrc.2017.7. PMID 28233803.
↑ "A mathematical model of ctDNA shedding predicts tumor detection size" (December 2020). Science Advances 6 (50): eabc4308. doi:10.1126/sciadv.abc4308. PMID 33310847. Bibcode: 2020SciA....6.4308A.
↑ Chaudhuri (November 2020). "Emerging Roles of Urine-Based Tumor DNA Analysis in Bladder Cancer Management". JCO Precision Oncology 4 (4): 806–817. doi:10.1200/PO.20.00060. PMID 32923907.
↑ Ward (16 June 2008). "Proteomic profiling of urine for the detection of colon cancer.". Proteome Science 6: 19. doi:10.1186/1477-5956-6-19. PMID 18558005.
↑ Arasaradnam (February 2018). "Noninvasive Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer Through Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds in Urine.". Gastroenterology 154 (3): 485–487.e1. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2017.09.054. PMID 29129714.
↑ Bethel (9 January 2014). "Fluid phase biopsy for detection and characterization of circulating endothelial cells in myocardial infarction". Physical Biology 11 (1): 016002. doi:10.1088/1478-3975/11/1/016002. PMID 24406475. Bibcode: 2014PhBio..11a6002B.
↑ Pyykkö (17 March 2014). "Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarker and Brain Biopsy Findings in Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus". PLOS ONE 9 (3): e91974. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0091974. PMID 24638077. Bibcode: 2014PLoSO...991974P.
↑ Mouliere F, Mair R, Chandrananda D, Marass F, Smith CG, Su J, Morris J, Watts C, Brindle KM, Rosenfeld N (2018). "Detection of cell-free DNA fragmentation and copy number alterations in cerebrospinal fluid from glioma patients". EMBO Mol Med 10 (12): e9323. doi:10.15252/emmm.201809323. PMID 30401727.
↑ Rafi (July 2017). "Non-invasive prenatal testing: use of cell-free fetal DNA in Down syndrome screening". British Journal of General Practice 67 (660): 298–299. doi:10.3399/bjgp17X691625. PMID 28663415.
↑ Singh (September 2017). "Fetal cells in maternal blood for prenatal diagnosis: a love story rekindled". Biomarkers in Medicine 11 (9): 705–710. doi:10.2217/bmm-2017-0055. PMID 28617034.
↑ Weiner (2017). "Operative Obstetrics". Routledge. doi:10.1201/9781315382739. ISBN 978-1-4987-2056-4.
↑ Perni (2017). "Operative Obstetrics". Routledge. doi:10.1201/9781315382739. ISBN 978-1-4987-2056-4.

[1] Alix-Panabières (January 2013). "Circulating tumor cells: liquid biopsy of cancer". Clinical Chemistry 59 (1): 110–118. doi:10.1373/clinchem.2012.194258. ISSN 1530-8561. PMID 23014601.

[2] Crowley (9 July 2013). "Liquid biopsy: monitoring cancer-genetics in the blood". Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology 10 (8): 472–484. doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2013.110. PMID 23836314.

[3] "Understanding cancer's unruly origins helps early diagnosis". The Economist. Dáta rochtana: 2017-09-29.

[4] Gingras (November 2015). "Liquid biopsy: will it be the 'magic tool' for monitoring response of solid tumors to anticancer therapies?". Current Opinion in Oncology 27 (6): 560–567. doi:10.1097/CCO.0000000000000223. PMID 26335664.

[5] Peeters (April 2013). "Semiautomated isolation and molecular characterisation of single or highly purified tumour cells from CellSearch enriched blood samples using dielectrophoretic cell sorting". British Journal of Cancer 108 (6): 1358–1367. doi:10.1038/bjc.2013.92. PMID 23470469.

[6] Agerbæk (December 2018). "The VAR2CSA malaria protein efficiently retrieves circulating tumor cells in an EpCAM-independent manner". Nature Communications 9 (1): 3279. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-05793-2. PMID 30115931. Bibcode: 2018NatCo...9.3279A.

[7] Thiele (2019). "Single-Cell Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells". Tumor Profiling 1908: 243–264. doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-9004-7_17. ISBN 978-1-4939-9002-3. PMID 30649733.

[8] Heitzer (11 November 2014). "Circulating Tumor DNA as a Liquid Biopsy for Cancer". Clinical Chemistry 61 (1): 112–123. doi:10.1373/clinchem.2014.222679. PMID 25388429.

[9] Wan (24 February 2017). "Liquid biopsies come of age: towards implementation of circulating tumour DNA". Nature Reviews Cancer 17 (4): 223–238. doi:10.1038/nrc.2017.7. PMID 28233803.

[pmid33310847-10] "A mathematical model of ctDNA shedding predicts tumor detection size" (December 2020). Science Advances 6 (50): eabc4308. doi:10.1126/sciadv.abc4308. PMID 33310847. Bibcode: 2020SciA....6.4308A.

[11] Chaudhuri (November 2020). "Emerging Roles of Urine-Based Tumor DNA Analysis in Bladder Cancer Management". JCO Precision Oncology 4 (4): 806–817. doi:10.1200/PO.20.00060. PMID 32923907.

[12] Ward (16 June 2008). "Proteomic profiling of urine for the detection of colon cancer.". Proteome Science 6: 19. doi:10.1186/1477-5956-6-19. PMID 18558005.

[13] Arasaradnam (February 2018). "Noninvasive Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer Through Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds in Urine.". Gastroenterology 154 (3): 485–487.e1. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2017.09.054. PMID 29129714.

[14] Bethel (9 January 2014). "Fluid phase biopsy for detection and characterization of circulating endothelial cells in myocardial infarction". Physical Biology 11 (1): 016002. doi:10.1088/1478-3975/11/1/016002. PMID 24406475. Bibcode: 2014PhBio..11a6002B.

[15] Pyykkö (17 March 2014). "Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarker and Brain Biopsy Findings in Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus". PLOS ONE 9 (3): e91974. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0091974. PMID 24638077. Bibcode: 2014PLoSO...991974P.

[16] Mouliere F, Mair R, Chandrananda D, Marass F, Smith CG, Su J, Morris J, Watts C, Brindle KM, Rosenfeld N (2018). "Detection of cell-free DNA fragmentation and copy number alterations in cerebrospinal fluid from glioma patients". EMBO Mol Med 10 (12): e9323. doi:10.15252/emmm.201809323. PMID 30401727.

[17] Rafi (July 2017). "Non-invasive prenatal testing: use of cell-free fetal DNA in Down syndrome screening". British Journal of General Practice 67 (660): 298–299. doi:10.3399/bjgp17X691625. PMID 28663415.

[18] Singh (September 2017). "Fetal cells in maternal blood for prenatal diagnosis: a love story rekindled". Biomarkers in Medicine 11 (9): 705–710. doi:10.2217/bmm-2017-0055. PMID 28617034.

[19] Weiner (2017). "Operative Obstetrics". Routledge. doi:10.1201/9781315382739. ISBN 978-1-4987-2056-4.

[20] Perni (2017). "Operative Obstetrics". Routledge. doi:10.1201/9781315382739. ISBN 978-1-4987-2056-4.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]