John Williams (cumadóir)

John Williams
	;
Ainm sa teanga dhúchais	(en) John Towner Williams; (en) John T. Williams; (en) John Williams
Beathaisnéis
Breith	(en) John Towner Williams ; 8 Feabhra 1932 ; 92 bliana d'aois; Nua-Eabhrac (Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá)
Principal conductor (en) Boston Pops Orchestra (en)
	1980 – 1993
Faisnéis phearsanta
Scoil a d'fhreastail sé/sí	Scoil Juilliard ; Ardscoil Glendale ; Accademia Musicale Chigiana (en) ; Ardscoil Hollywood Thuaidh ; Ollscoil California, Los Angeles ; UCLA Herb Alpert School of Music (en)
Gníomhaíocht
Réimse oibre	Scór scannáin
Gairm	stiúrthóir ceolfhoirne, pianódóir, cumadóir, cumadóir scóir scannáin
Tréimhse oibre	1952 –
Ball de	Acadamh Ealaíona agus Eolaíochtaí Mheiriceá
Seánra	Ceol clasaiceach comhaimseartha
Teangacha	Béarla
Gairm mhíleata
Brainse míleata	Aerfhórsa na Stát Aontaithe
Uirlis	Pianó, cruitchorda, bass clarinet (en) , baritone saxophone (en) agus dord
Lipéad ceoil	Sony Classical ; 20th Century Fox Records ; Philips Records ; MCA Records ; Philips Classics Records ; Columbia Records
Saothar
	Saothar suntasach music of Star Wars (en) ../... 29+ ;
Teaghlach
Céile	Barbara Ruick
Páiste	Joseph Williams
	Gradam a fuarthas (2022) Honorary Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire (en) ; (2020) Princess of Asturias Award for the Arts (en) ; (19 Aibreán 2016) Officer of Arts and Letters (en) ; (2016) Gradam Saoil an AFI; (2015) Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Composition (en) , as a saothar The Book Thief (en) ; (2009) Bonn Náisiúnta na nEalaíon; (2007) Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack for Visual Media (en) , as a saothar Memoirs of a Geisha; (1976) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope; (1974) Academy Award for Best Original Dramatic Score (en) , as a saothar Jaws; (1970) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Amhrán Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar Fiddler on the Roof (en) ; Saturn Award for Best Music (en) ; Gradam Golden Globe; Gradam Kennedy Center; Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial; Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar Schindler's List; Classic Brit Awards (en) ;
	Ainmnithe do (24 Eanáir 2023) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar The Fabelmans (en) ; (2023) Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score (en) , as a saothar The Fabelmans (en) ; (14 Eanáir 2016) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar Star Wars Episode VII: The Force Awakens; (16 Eanáir 2014) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar The Book Thief (en) ; (10 Eanáir 2013) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar Lincoln; (24 Eanáir 2012) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar War Horse (en) ; (24 Eanáir 2012) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar The Adventures of Tintin; (31 Eanáir 2006) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar Memoirs of a Geisha; (31 Eanáir 2006) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar Munich (en) ; (25 Eanáir 2005) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban; (11 Feabhra 2003) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar Catch Me If You Can (en) ; (12 Feabhra 2002) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar A.I. Artificial Intelligence; (12 Feabhra 2002) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone; (13 Feabhra 2001) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar The Patriot; (15 Feabhra 2000) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar Angela's Ashes (en) ; (9 Feabhra 1999) Academy Award for Best Original Dramatic Score (en) , as a saothar Saving Private Ryan; (10 Feabhra 1998) Academy Award for Best Original Dramatic Score (en) , as a saothar Amistad (en) ; (11 Feabhra 1997) Academy Award for Best Original Dramatic Score (en) , as a saothar Sleepers (en) ; (13 Feabhra 1996) Academy Award for Best Original Musical or Comedy Score (en) , as a saothar Sabrina (en) ; (13 Feabhra 1996) Academy Award for Best Original Dramatic Score (en) , as a saothar Nixon (en) ; (9 Feabhra 1994) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar Schindler's List; (19 Feabhra 1992) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar JFK (en) ; (13 Feabhra 1991) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar Home Alone; (14 Feabhra 1990) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade (en) ; (14 Feabhra 1990) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar Born on the Fourth of July (en) ; (15 Feabhra 1989) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar The Accidental Tourist; (16 Feabhra 1988) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar Empire of the Sun; (16 Feabhra 1988) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar The Witches of Eastwick (en) ; (6 Feabhra 1985) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom; (6 Feabhra 1985) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar The River (en) ; (16 Feabhra 1984) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar Star Wars Episode VI: Return of the Jedi; (17 Feabhra 1983) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial; (1983) Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Musical Score (en) , as a saothar Monsignor (en) ; (11 Feabhra 1982) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar Raiders of the Lost Ark; (17 Feabhra 1981) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar Star Wars Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back; (20 Feabhra 1979) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar Superman; (21 Feabhra 1978) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar Close Encounters of the Third Kind; (21 Feabhra 1978) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope; (17 Feabhra 1976) Academy Award for Best Original Dramatic Score (en) , as a saothar Jaws; (24 Feabhra 1975) Academy Award for Best Original Dramatic Score (en) , as a saothar The Towering Inferno; (19 Feabhra 1974) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Amhrán Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar Tom Sawyer (en) ; (19 Feabhra 1974) Academy Award for Best Original Dramatic Score (en) , as a saothar Cinderella Liberty; (12 Feabhra 1973) Academy Award for Best Original Dramatic Score (en) , as a saothar The Poseidon Adventure; (12 Feabhra 1973) Academy Award for Best Original Dramatic Score (en) , as a saothar Images (en) ; (22 Feabhra 1972) Gradam Acadaimh don Scór Amhrán Bunaidh is Fearr, as a saothar Fiddler on the Roof (en) ; (16 Feabhra 1970) Academy Award for Best Original Score, no Musical (en) , as a saothar The Reivers (en) ; (16 Feabhra 1970) Academy Award for Best Original Musical Score (en) , as a saothar Goodbye, Mr. Chips; (19 Feabhra 1968) Academy Award for Best Score, Adaptation or Treatment (en) , as a saothar Valley of the Dolls (en) ;
	Síniú

Is cumadóir ceoil de chuid SAM é John Towner Williams (rugadh 8 Feabhra 1932 i gCathair Nua-Eabhrac) a bhfuil cáil ar leith tuillte aige mar gheall ar chumadh ceoil do scannáin go háirithe.

Saol

Bhí a athair, Johnny Williams, ina cheoltóir cumasach a sheinn an trombón agus na drumaí agus a ghlac páirt i mbanna den t-ainm an Raymond Scott Quintet.

Bhí triúr clainne, Joseph, Mark agus Jennifer aige lena chéad bhean chéile Barbara Ruick a fuair bás sa bhliain 1974. Faoi láthair tá sé pósta leis an ngrianghrafadóir Samantha Winslow.

Rinne John Williams dianstaidéar ar an gceol ó aois óg agus é ag seinm an phianó, an trombóin, an clairinéid agus an troimpéid. Ba léir gan mhoill gur ceoltóir tréitheach a bhí ann. Thosaigh sé ag cumadh ceoil go luath agus lean sé air i rith an Dara Cogadh Domhanda agus é ina bhall de bhanna an aerfhórsa.

Choinnigh sé ar sa Juilliard School of Music le Rosina Lhevinne. Níos déanaí i Hollywood bhí sé faoi oiliúint ag Arthur Olaf Anderson agus Mario Castlenuovo-Tedesco.

Bhí tionchar mór ag Bernard Herrmann agus Henry Mancini air. Bhain sé Oscar le haghaidh ceol scannáin ceithre huaire agus bhí sé ina stiúrthóir ar an bhfoireann cheoil The Boston Pops.

Bhí rath ollmhór ar an gceol a scríobh sé do scannáin, go háirithe de chuid Steven Spielberg.

Saothar

Teilifís/Scannáin

John Williams Today, 1952 (sraith theilifíse)
General Electric Theater, 1953 (sraith theilifíse)
Playhouse 90, 1957 (sraith theilifíse)
Tales of Wells Fargo, 1957 (sraith theilifíse)
My Gun Is Quick, 1957
Bachelor Father, 1957 (sraith theilifíse)
Wagon Train, 1957 (sraith theilifíse)
M Squad, 1957 (sraith theilifíse, le Johnny Williams)
Daddy-O, 1958
I Passed for White, 1960
Because They're Young, 1960
Checkmate, 1960 (sraith theilifíse)
The Secret Ways, 1961 (le Johnny Williams)
Kraft Mystery Theater, 1961 (sraith theilifíse, le Johnny Williams)
Alcoa Premiere, 1961 (sraith theilifíse, le Johnny T. Williams)
Bachelor Flat, 1962
The Virginian, 1962 (sraith theilifíse)
The Wide Country, 1962
Empire, 1962 (sraith theilifíse)
Diamond Head, 1963
Gidget Goes to Rome, 1963 (le Johnny Williams)
Bob Hope Presents the Chrysler Theatre, 1963 (sraith theilifíse)
Gilligan's Island, 1964 (sraith theilifíse, le Johnny Williams)
Nightmare in Chicago, 1964 (teilifís)
The Killers, 1964 (le Johnny Williams)
The Katherine Reed Story, 1965
None But the Brave, 1965 (le Johnny Williams)
John Goldfarb, Please Come Home, 1965
Lost in Space, 1965 (sraith theilifíse, le Johnny Williams)
The Rare Breed, 1966 (le Johnny Williams)
The Kraft Summer Music Hall, 1966 (sraith theilifíse)
How to Steal a Million, 1966
The Plainsman, 1966 (le Johnny Williams)
The Tammy Grimes Show, 1966 (sraith theilifíse)
The Time Tunnel, 1966 (sraith theilifíse, le Johnny Williams)
Not with My Wife, You Don't!, 1966 (le Johnny Williams)
Penelope, 1966 (le Johnny Williams)
A Guide for the Married Man, 1967 (le Johnny Williams)
Ghostbreakers, 1967 (teilifíse)
Valley of the Dolls, 1967
Fitzwilly, 1967 (le Johnny Williams)
Sergeant Ryker, 1968
Land of the Giants, 1968 (sraith theilifíse)
Heidi, 1968 (teilifís)
Saturday Adoption, 1968 (teilifís)
Daddy's Gone A-Hunting, 1969
Goodbye, Mr. Chips, 1969
The Reivers, 1969
NBC Nightly News, 1970 (teilifís)
Storia di una donna, 1970
Jane Eyre, 1970
The Cowboys, 1972
The Screaming Woman, 1972 (teilifís)
Images, 1972
The Poseidon Adventure, 1972
Pete 'n' Tillie, 1972 (le John T. Williams)
Cinderella Liberty, 1973
The Paper Chase, 1973
The Man Who Loved Cat Dancing, 1973
The Cowboys, 1974 (sraith theilifíse)
Conrack, 1974
The Sugarland Express, 1974
Earthquake, 1974
The Towering Inferno, 1974
The Eiger Sanction, 1975
Jaws, 1975
Family Plot, 1976
The Missouri Breaks, 1976
Midway, 1976
Black Sunday, 1977
Star Wars: Episode IV - A New Hope, 1977
Close Encounters of the Third Kind, 1977
The Fury, 1978
Jaws 2, 1978
Superman, 1978
Dracula, 1979
1941 - Allarme a Hollywood (1941), 1979
Star Wars: Episode V - The Empire Strikes Back, 1980
Raiders of the Lost Ark, 1981
Heartbeeps, 1981
Aliens From Another Planet, 1982 (scannán teilifíse, le Johnny Williams)
E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial, 1982
Yes, Giorgio, 1982
Monsignor, 1982
Star Wars: Episode VI - Return of the Jedi, 1983
Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom, 1984
Top Secret!, 1984
The River, 1984
SpaceCamp, 1986
Star Tours, 1987
The Witches of Eastwick, 1987
Superman IV: The Quest for Peace, 1987
Empire of the Sun, 1987
The Accidental Tourist, 1988
Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade, 1989
Born on the Fourth of July, 1989
Always, 1989
Stanley & Iris, 1990
Presumed Innocent, 1990
Home Alone, 1990
Hook, 1991
JFK, 1991
Far and Away, 1992
Home Alone 2: Lost in New York, 1992
Jurassic Park 1993
Schindler's List, 1993
Indiana Jones' Greatest Adventures, 1994 (videogioco)
Sabrina, 1995
Nixon, 1995
The Olympic Torch Relay, 1996 (teilifíse)
Sleepers, 1996
Rosewood, 1997
The Lost World: Jurassic Park, 1997
Seven Years in Tibet, 1997
Amistad, 1997
Saving Private Ryan, 1998
Stepmom, 1998
Star Wars: Episode I - The Phantom Menace, 1999
Angela's Ashes, 1999
The Unfinished Journey, 1999
The Patriot, 2000
Artificial Intelligence: AI, 2001
Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone, 2001
Star Wars: Jedi Starfighter, 2002 (videogioco)
Reflections of Evil, 2002
Star Wars: Episode II - Attack of the Clones, 2002
Minority Report, 2002
Star Wars: Clone Wars, 2002
Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, 2002
Catch Me If You Can, 2002
Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic, 2003
Star Wars: Clone Wars, 2003
Once Upon a Jedi, 2004
Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, 2004
The Terminal, 2004
Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic II: The Sith Lords, 2004
Star Wars: Episode III - Revenge of the Sith, 2005
War of the Worlds, 2005
Memoirs of a Geisha, 2005
Munich, 2005
Superman II - The Richard Donner Cut, 2006

Na hOlimpeacha

Olympic Fanfare and Theme, XXIII Los Angeles 1984
The Olympic Spirit, XV 1988
Summon the Heroes, XVII Atlantaa 1996
Call of the Champions, XIX Salt Lake City 2002

Conceirtigh

Concerto per flauto e orchestra (1969)
Concerto per violino (1976, rielab. 1998)
"The five sacred trees"
Concerto per violoncello e orchestra
Concerto per tromba e orchestra
"Tree song" per violino e orchestra
"3 pieces from Shindler's list" per violino e orchestra
Concerto per clarinetto e orchestra
Concerto per tuba e orchestra