Fuadar Óir Chalifornia

Fuadar Óir Chalifornia
	38° 48′ 01″ N, 120° 53′ 32″ O / 38.8003°N,120.8922°W
Cineál	fuadar óir
Tréimhse	24 Eanáir 1848 - 1854
Dáta na bliana	1855
Suíomh	Muileann Sutter, California , California, SAM
Tír	Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá

Thosaigh Fuadar Óir Chalifornia ar an 24 Eanáir, 1848 le fionnachtain óir ag Muileann Sutter (Béarla: Sutter's Mills) i gColoma, California. Scaip an nuacht chuig gach cearn den tír agus thar sáile, agus mheall an scéal 300,000 duine go California ón chuid eile de SAM agus thar lear.

Forbhreathnú

Chuireadh tús leis an bhFuadar Óir ag Muileann Sutter, gearr do Choloma. D'aimsigh James W. Marshall píosaí óir agus é i mbun oibre mar shaoiste, ag tógáil muileann sábhadóireachta, a obair don téisclimí John Sutter. Chonaic Marshall giotaí den mhiotail ag soilsiú ar bhruach Abhainn Mheiriceánach.

Gan a mhór a dhéanamh de, chuir Marshall agus Sutter na píosaí mhiotail faoi thriail, go príobháideach. Dearbhaíodh gur ór a bhí faighte acu. Cheap Sutter go mbeadh na sluaite ann ar thóir an óir agus ar an drochuair bhí an ceart aige.

Gan mórán moille, spréigh ráflaí amach faoin scéal. Dearbhaíodh scéal a d'fhoilsigh Samuel Brennan faoi, foilsitheoir nuachtáin i San Francisco, i Mí Márta 1848.

Eolas

Bancroft, Hubert Howe (1884–1890) History of California, vols. 18–24.
"Google Bets Big on Videos". Los Angeles Times (2006-10-10). Archived .pdf version of the page: [1] Curtha i gcartlann 2007-06-16 ar an Wayback Machine
Harper's New Monthly Magazine March 1855, volume 10, issue 58, p.543, complete text online.

Breis léitheoireachta

Burchell, Robert A. (Summer 1974). "The Loss of a Reputation; or, The Image of California in Britain before 1875". California Historical Quarterly 53 (3): 115–130. ISSN 0097-6059.
Burns, John F. and Richard J. Orsi (eds.) (2003). Taming the elephant: politics, government, and law in pioneer California. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-23413-8. Retrieved on 2007-02-14.
Drager, K.; C. Fracchia (1997). The golden dream: California from Gold Rush to statehood. Portland, Oregon: Graphic Arts Center Publishing Company. ISBN 1-55868-312-7.
Eifler, Mark A. (2002). Gold Rush capitalists: greed and growth in Sacramento. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 0-8263-2822-9.
Holliday, J. S.; William Swain [1981] (2002). The world rushed in: the California Gold Rush experience. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 0-8061-3464-X.
Hurtado, Albert L. (2006). John Sutter: a life on the North American frontier. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 0-8061-3772-X.
Johnson, Susan Lee (2001). Roaring Camp: the social world of the California Gold Rush. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN 0-393-32099-5.
Klare, Normand E. (2005). The final voyage of the SS Central America 1857. Ashland, Oregon: Klare Taylor Publishers. ISBN 0-9764403-0-X.
Levy, JoAnn [1990] (1992). They saw the elephant: women in the California Gold Rush. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 0-8061-2473-3.
Owens, Kenneth N. (ed.) (2002). Riches for all: the California Gold Rush and the world. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. ISBN 0-8032-8617-1.
Roberts, Brian (2000). American alchemy: the California Gold Rush and middle-class culture. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 0-8078-4856-5.
Rohrbough, Malcolm J. (1998). Days of gold: the California Gold Rush and American nation. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-21659-8.
Watson, Matthew A. (2005). "The Argonauts of '49: Class, Gender, and Partnership in Bret Harte's West.". Western American Literature 40 (1): 33–53. ISSN 0043-3462.