Neamhionannas ciníoch i gcóras dlí choiriúil na Stát Aontaithe

Tagraíonn Neamhionannas ciníoch i gcóras dlí choiriúil na Stát Aontaithe do na heispéiris agus na difríochtaí uathúla sna Stáit Aontaithe maidir le póilíneacht agus ionchúiseamh na gciníocha éagsúla. Bhí torthaí difriúla ann do ghrúpaí ciníocha éagsúla maidir le feileoin a chiontú agus líon na bpianbhreitheanna i gcóras dlí choiriúil na Stát Aontaithe.^[3]^[4] Phléigh saineolaithe agus anailísithe tábhacht choibhneasta na bhfachtóirí éagsúla a d'eascair as na difríochtaí seo.^[5] Cúisítear cosantóirí mionlaigh i gcoireanna a éilíonn íosphianbhreith phríosúin éigeantach níos minice, i dtéarmaí coibhneasta agus absalóideacha (ag brath ar aicmiú cine, go príomha maidir le na hEaspáinnigh), rud a fhágann go bhfuil difríochtaí móra ciníocha in áiseanna ceartúcháin, cé go léiríonn tuarascáil an FBI ar an gcoireacht freisin go dtiomsaíonn Meiriceánaigh ghorma agus Easpáinnigh níos mó feileonachtaí foréigneacha ag minicíochtaí níos airde.^[6]

Amlíne stairiúil

↑ Prison Inmates at Midyear 2009 - Statistical Tables (NCJ 230113). Published June 2010, by U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS). By Heather C. West, Ph.D., BJS Statistician. See PDF. See tables 18 and 19. The rates are for adults. Rates per 100,000 can be converted to percentages.
↑ Prison Inmates at Midyear 2009 - Statistical Tables & Prisoners at Yearend 2009 - Advance Counts. Bureau of Justice Statistics, press release June 23, 2010. "Midyear 2009 incarceration rates for inmates held in custody in prisons or jails differed by race and gender. Black males, with an incarceration rate of 4,749 inmates per 100,000 U.S. residents, were incarcerated at a rate more than six times higher than white males (708 inmates per 100,000 U.S. residents) and 2.6 times higher than Hispanic males (1,822 inmates per 100,000 U.S. residents)."
↑ United States. Dept. of Justice. 2008. Bureau of Justice Statistics: Prison Statistics. Washington, DC: U.S. Dept. of Justice.
↑ Lifetime Likelihood of Going to State or Federal Prison Curtha i gcartlann 2020-06-30 ar an Wayback Machine, US Department of Justice, 1997.
↑ Bobo (2006). "Unfair By Design: The War on Drugs, Race, and the Legitimacy of the Criminal Justice System". Social Research 73: 445–472.
↑ Rehavi and Starr (2012) "Racial Disparity in Federal Criminal Charging and Its Sentencing Consequences" Working Paper Series, no. 12-002 (Univ. of Michigan Law & Economics, Empirical Legal Studies Center)

[prison2009tables-1] Prison Inmates at Midyear 2009 - Statistical Tables (NCJ 230113). Published June 2010, by U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS). By Heather C. West, Ph.D., BJS Statistician. See PDF. See tables 18 and 19. The rates are for adults. Rates per 100,000 can be converted to percentages.

[prison2009tables2-2] Prison Inmates at Midyear 2009 - Statistical Tables & Prisoners at Yearend 2009 - Advance Counts. Bureau of Justice Statistics, press release June 23, 2010. "Midyear 2009 incarceration rates for inmates held in custody in prisons or jails differed by race and gender. Black males, with an incarceration rate of 4,749 inmates per 100,000 U.S. residents, were incarcerated at a rate more than six times higher than white males (708 inmates per 100,000 U.S. residents) and 2.6 times higher than Hispanic males (1,822 inmates per 100,000 U.S. residents)."

[United_States_2008-3] United States. Dept. of Justice. 2008. Bureau of Justice Statistics: Prison Statistics. Washington, DC: U.S. Dept. of Justice.

[bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov-4] Lifetime Likelihood of Going to State or Federal Prison Curtha i gcartlann 2020-06-30 ar an Wayback Machine, US Department of Justice, 1997.

[Bobo,_Lawrence_D._2006-5] Bobo (2006). "Unfair By Design: The War on Drugs, Race, and the Legitimacy of the Criminal Justice System". Social Research 73: 445–472.

[6] Rehavi and Starr (2012) "Racial Disparity in Federal Criminal Charging and Its Sentencing Consequences" Working Paper Series, no. 12-002 (Univ. of Michigan Law & Economics, Empirical Legal Studies Center)

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