An Nualiobrálachas

Téarma is ea an Nualiobrálachas a bhí in úsáid ó na 1970idí agus na 1980idí ag scoláirí i réimse leathan na n-eolaíochtaí sóisialta agus ag léirmheastóirí ^[1] go príomha agus iad ag tagairt d'athbheochan smaointe an 19ú haois a bhaineann le liobrálachas eacnamaíoch laissez-faire^[2].

Bíonn lucht tacaíochta an liobrálachais eacnamaíoch i bhfabhar polasaithe forleathana liobrálaithe, a leithéid agus príobháidiú, beartas déine fioscach, dírialáil, an tsaorthrádáil, agus laghdú ar chaiteachas an rialtais chun feabhas a chur ar ról na hearnála príobháidí sa gheilleagar.^[3] Bhíonn an nualiobrálachas ceangailte leis na beartais eacnamaíocha a thug Margaret Thatcher sa Ríocht Aontaithe agus Ronald Reagan sna Stáit Aontaithe isteach.

De réir roinnt acadóirí ba é cur i bhfeidhm na mbeartas nualiobrálaithe agus an glacadh le teoiricí eacnamaíochta nualiobrálaithe sna 1970idí bunchúis an airgeadraithe, agus leis an ngéarchéim airgeadais 2007-08 mar cheann de na torthaí deiridh. D'athraigh sainmhíniú agus úsáid an téarma^[4] le himeacht ama.

Ar dtús ba fhealsúnacht eacnamaíoch í tháinig chun cinn i measc scoláirí liobrálacha Eorpacha sna 1930idí ar mhaithe lena n-iarracht 'An Tríú' nó 'An Meán Slí' , ar a dtugtar air, idir na fealsúnachtaí nach raibh ag teacht le chéile; sé sin le rá idir an liobrálachas clasaiceach agus an phleanáil eacnamaíoch Shóisialach.^[5]

Spreag an fonn chun teipeanna eacnamaíocha na luath 1930idí a sheachaint an fhorbairt seo. Chuir na nualiobrálaigh ach go háirithe an locht ar bheartas eacnamaíoch an liobrálachais clasaicigh i gcomhair na na dteipeanna eacnamaíochta.

Sna blianta ina dhiaidh sin, ba ghnáth gur úsáideadh an téarma 'nualiobrálach' chun tagairt a dhéanamh do teoiricí a bhí ag teacht salach ar teoiricí níos laissez-faire an liobrálachais clasaicigh, agus chuir sé chun tosaigh ina ionad an geilleagar margaidh faoi threoir agus rialacha stáit láidir, múnla ar a dtabharfar an geilleagar sóisialta margaidh.

Féach freisin

Liobralachas

Tagairtí

↑ Noel Castree (2013). "A Dictionary of Human Geography". Oxford University Press. “"'Neoliberalism' is very much a critics term: it is virtually never used by those whom the critics describe as neoliberals."”
↑ "The Routledge Handbook of Poverty in the United States" . London: Routledge. “Neoliberalism represents a reassertion of the liberal political economic beliefs of the 19th century in the contemporary era.”
↑
Campbell Jones, Martin Parker, Rene Ten Bos (2005). For Business Ethics. Routledge. ISBN 0415311357. p. 100:
- "Neoliberalism represents a set of ideas that caught on from the mid to late 1970s, and are famously associated with the economic policies introduced by Margaret Thatcher in the United Kingdom and Ronald Reagan in the United States following their elections in 1979 and 1981. The 'neo' part of neoliberalism indicates that there is something new about it, suggesting that it is an updated version of older ideas about 'liberal economics' which has long argued that markets should be free from intervention by the state. In its simplest version, it reads: markets good, government bad."
↑ Taylor C. Boas, Jordan Gans-Morse (June 2009). "Neoliberalism: From New Liberal Philosophy to Anti-Liberal Slogan". Studies in Comparative International Development 44 (2): 137–161. doi:10.1007/s12116-009-9040-5.
↑ Philip Mirowski, Dieter Plehwe, The road from Mont Pèlerin: the making of the neoliberal thought collective, Harvard University Press, 2009, ISBN 0-674-03318-3, p. 14-15: "An understanding of neoliberalism needs to take into account its dynamic character in confronting both socialist planning philosophies and classical lassiez-faire liberalism, rather than searching for timeless (essentialist) content."

[1] Noel Castree (2013). "A Dictionary of Human Geography". Oxford University Press. “"'Neoliberalism' is very much a critics term: it is virtually never used by those whom the critics describe as neoliberals."”

[2] "The Routledge Handbook of Poverty in the United States" . London: Routledge. “Neoliberalism represents a reassertion of the liberal political economic beliefs of the 19th century in the contemporary era.”

[For_Business_Ethics-3] Campbell Jones, Martin Parker, Rene Ten Bos (2005). For Business Ethics. Routledge. ISBN 0415311357. p. 100:
"Neoliberalism represents a set of ideas that caught on from the mid to late 1970s, and are famously associated with the economic policies introduced by Margaret Thatcher in the United Kingdom and Ronald Reagan in the United States following their elections in 1979 and 1981. The 'neo' part of neoliberalism indicates that there is something new about it, suggesting that it is an updated version of older ideas about 'liberal economics' which has long argued that markets should be free from intervention by the state. In its simplest version, it reads: markets good, government bad."

[4] "Neoliberalism represents a set of ideas that caught on from the mid to late 1970s, and are famously associated with the economic policies introduced by Margaret Thatcher in the United Kingdom and Ronald Reagan in the United States following their elections in 1979 and 1981. The 'neo' part of neoliberalism indicates that there is something new about it, suggesting that it is an updated version of older ideas about 'liberal economics' which has long argued that markets should be free from intervention by the state. In its simplest version, it reads: markets good, government bad."

[Boas2009-4] Taylor C. Boas, Jordan Gans-Morse (June 2009). "Neoliberalism: From New Liberal Philosophy to Anti-Liberal Slogan". Studies in Comparative International Development 44 (2): 137–161. doi:10.1007/s12116-009-9040-5.

[5] Philip Mirowski, Dieter Plehwe, The road from Mont Pèlerin: the making of the neoliberal thought collective, Harvard University Press, 2009, ISBN 0-674-03318-3, p. 14-15: "An understanding of neoliberalism needs to take into account its dynamic character in confronting both socialist planning philosophies and classical lassiez-faire liberalism, rather than searching for timeless (essentialist) content."

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