Geografaíocht (Tolamaes)

*Geografaíocht*
(grc) Γεωγραφικὴ Ὑφήγησις
	;
Cineál	saothar liteartha
Cárta innéacs
Údar	Tolamaes
Teanga	an tSean-Ghréigis
Dáta a bunaíodh	150í
Tréith
Príomhábhar	tíreolaíocht agus cartagrafaíocht
Seánra	tráchtas agus atlas

Gasaitéar (clár áiteanna), atlas agus tráchtas ar cartagrafaíocht is ea an saothar Geografaíocht (Γεωγραφικὴ Ὑφήγησις, Geōgraphikḕ Hyphḗgēsis, lit. "Treoir Gheografaíochta"), aitheanta fosta faoina ainmneacha Laidine mar Geographia agus Cosmographia. Tiomsaítear ann eolas geografach san Impireacht na Róimhe den dara haois. Scríofa ar dtús ag Cláidias Tolamaes as Sean-Ghréigis i hCathair Alastair timpeall na bliana AD 150, is leasú é ar atlas anois-caillte le Marinus na Tuíre, ag cur leis gasaitéar Rómhánacha agus Peirseacha, agus prionsabail nua.^[1]

Aistríodh é go hAraibis sa 9ú haois agus go Laidin sa bhliain 1406, agus dá bharr bhí an-tionchar aige ar eolas geografach agus cartagrafaíocht den Chailifeacht meánaoiseach agus Eoraip le linn an Renaissance.

Foinsí[cuir in eagar | athraigh foinse]

Angelus, Jacobus (c. 1406). "Geographia".
Berggren, J. Lennart (2001). "Ptolemy's Geography by Ptolemy". Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Clemens, Raymond (2008). "Cartography in Antiquity and the Middle Ages: Fresh Perspectives, New Methods". Leiden: Koninklijke Brill NV.
Dilke, Oswald Ashton Wentworth (1987a). "History of Cartography" I. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Dilke, Oswald Ashton Wentworth (1987b). "History of Cartography" I. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Diller, Aubrey (1940). "Transactions of the American Philological Association".
Edson, Evelyn (2004). "Medieval Views of the Cosmos". Oxford: Bodleian Library. .
al-Mas'udi (1894). "Bibliotheca Geographorum Arabicorum" 8. Leiden: Brill. .
Mawer, Granville Allen (2013). "Mapping Our World: Terra Incognita to Australia": 38–39. National Library of Australia.
Milanesi, Marica (1996). "A Forgotten Ptolemy: Harley Codex 3686 in the British Library". Imago Mundi 48: 43–64. doi:10.1080/03085699608592832.
Nallino, C.A. (1939). "Raccolta di scritti editi e inediti" V. Rome: Istituto per l'Oriente.
Parker, Grant (2008). "The Making of Roman India". Cambridge University Press.
Peerlings, Robert (2017). "The watermarks in the Rome editions of Ptolemy's Cosmography and more". Quaerendo 47 (3–4): 307–327. Leiden: Koninklijke Brill NV. doi:10.1163/15700690-12341392.
Peerlings, Robert (2018). "New findings and discoveries in the 1507/8 Rome edition of Ptolemy's Cosmography". Quaerendo 48 (2): 139–162. Leiden: Koninklijke Brill NV. doi:10.1163/15700690-12341408.
Rapoport, Yossef (2008). "Cartography in Antiquity and the Middle Ages: Fresh Perspectives, New Methods". Leiden: Koninklijke Brill NV.
Stückelberger, Alfred (2006). "Ptolemaios Handbuch der Geographie (Griechisch-Deutsch)".
Suárez, Thomas (1999). "Early Mapping of Southeast Asia". Periplus Editions.
Wright, John Kirtland (1923). "Notes on the Knowledge of Latitudes and Longitudes in the Middle Ages". Isis V: 75–98. doi:10.1086/358121. JSTOR 223599.
Young, Gary Keith (2001). "Rome's Eastern Trade: International Commerce and Imperial Policy, 31 BC-AD 305". Routledge.
Yule, Henry (1915). "Cathay and the Way Thither: Being a Collection of Medieval Notices of China, Vol I: Preliminary Essay on the Intercourse Between China and the Western Nations Previous to the Discovery of the Cape Route" 1. Hakluyt Society.

Tuilleadh le léamh[cuir in eagar | athraigh foinse]

Berggren, J. Lennart and Jones, Alexander. 2000. Ptolemy's Geography: An Annotated Translation of the Theoretical Chapters. Princeton University Press. Princeton and Oxford. ISBN 0-691-01042-0.
Cosgrove, Dennis. 2003. Apollo's Eye: A Cartographic Genealogy of the Earth in the Western Imagination. Johns Hopkins University Press. Baltimore agus Londain.
Gautier Dalché, Patrick. 2009. La Géographie de Ptolémée en Occident (IVe-XVIe siècle). Terratum Orbis. Turnhout. Brepols.
Shalev, Zur, and Charles Burnett, eag. 2011. Ptolemy's Geography in the Renaissance. Londain; Turin. Warburg Institute; Nino Aragno.
Stevenson, Edward Luther. Eag & aistr., 1932. Claudius Ptolemy: The Geography. New York Public Library. Athchló: Dover, 1991. Is é seo an t-aon aistriúchán Béarla iomlán amháin den Geografaíocht. Ar an drochuair, tá sé lillte le roinnt butún (féach Diller) agus tugtar na hainmneacha as Laidin seachas an Ghréigis dhúchasach.
Diller, Aubrey (Feabhra 1935). "Review of Stevenson's translation". Isis 22 (2): 533–539. doi:10.1086/346925. Dáta rochtana: 2007-07-15.

Príomh fhoinsí[cuir in eagar | athraigh foinse]

Gréigis

Claudii Ptolemaei Geographia], eag. Karl Friedrich August Nobbe, Sumptibus et typis Caroli Tauchnitii, 1843, tom. I (leabhair 1-4, lch. 126); 1845, tom. II (leabhair 5-8); 1845, tom. III (inéacsanna).

Latin

La Cosmographie de Claude Ptolemée, lámhscríbhinn as Laidin, cóipthe c. 1411
Geography, codex déanta san Iodáil idir 1460 agus 1477, aistrithe go Laidin le Jacobus Angelus ag Somni. Aitheanta fosta mar codex valentinus, is é an lámhscríbhinn is sine le léarscáileanna Tholamaes as teilgean donis
"Cosmographia" le Claudius Ptolemaeus. Aistrithe go Laidin le Jacobus Angelus, eagraithe le Nicolaus Germanus. Ulm: Lienhart Holle, 1482. (Le fáil i Leabharlann Náisiúnta na Fionlainne.)
Geographia Universalis, Basileae apud Henricum Petrum mense Martio anno M. D. XL.
Geographia Cl. Ptolemaei Alexandrini, Venetiis: apud Vincentium Valgrisium, Venezia, 1562.
Claudii Ptholemaei Alexandrini liber geographiae cum tabulis et universali figura et cum additione locorum quae a recentioribus reperta sunt diligenti cura emendatus et impressus, Aistriúchán Laidine, le comhordanáidí athbhreithnithe den 16ú haois