An difríocht idir athruithe ar: "Maláire"

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Galar tógálach is ea '''an mhaláire''' nó '''malaria'''. Tá se fliúirseach go maith sna trópaicí agus sna fothrópaicí. Bionn 350–500 milliún cás ann gach bliain,<ref>[http://www.cdc.gov/malaria/facts.htm Malaria Facts]. ''Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.''</ref> Maraítear 1-3 milliún duine, 90% díobh san Afraic fho-Shahárach: páistí iad a bhformhór.<ref>{{cite journal | author = Snow RW, Guerra CA, Noor AM, Myint HY, Hay SI| title = The global distribution of clinical episodes of Plasmodium falciparum malaria | journal = Nature | volume = 434 | issue = 7030 | pages = 214–7 | year = 2005 | pmid = 15759000 | doi = 10.1038/nature03342}}</ref> Tá dlúthbhaint idir an mhaláire agus an bochtanas agus uaireanta cúisíonn an galar an bochtanas.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ftp.iza.org/dp2997.pdf|format=PDF|teideal=Malaria: Disease Impacts and Long-Run Income Differences|publisher=[[Institute for the Study of Labor]]|accessdate=2008-12-10}}</ref>
Galar tógálach is ea '''an mhaláire''' nó '''malaria'''. Tá se fliúirseach go maith sna trópaicí agus sna fothrópaicí. Bionn 350–500 milliún cás ann gach bliain,<ref>[http://www.cdc.gov/malaria/facts.htm Malaria Facts]. ''Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.''</ref> Maraítear 1-3 milliún duine, 90% díobh san Afraic fho-Shahárach: páistí iad a bhformhór.<ref>{{cite journal | author = Snow RW, Guerra CA, Noor AM, Myint HY, Hay SI| title = The global distribution of clinical episodes of Plasmodium falciparum malaria | journal = Nature | volume = 434 | issue = 7030 | pages = 214–7 | year = 2005 | pmid = 15759000 | doi = 10.1038/nature03342}}</ref> Tá dlúthbhaint idir an mhaláire agus an bochtanas agus uaireanta cúisíonn an galar an bochtanas.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ftp.iza.org/dp2997.pdf|format=PDF|teideal=Malaria: Disease Impacts and Long-Run Income Differences|publisher=[[Institute for the Study of Labor]]|accessdate=2008-12-10}}</ref>


==An galar==
Seadán (paraisít) ar a dtugtar ''Plasmodium'' is cúis leis. As greim na [[muiscít]]í ionfhabhtaithe is mó a tholgtar an galar. I g[[corp]] an [[duine]] téann na seadáin isteach san [[ae]] agus tagann borradh agus fás ar líon na seadán ann. Ina dhiaidh sin ionfhabhtaíonn siad na fuilchealla dearga. Is féidir
comharthaí an ghalair a aithint sa duine ionfhabhtaithe tuairim is 10-15 lá i ndiaidh na greama, mar shampla fiabhras, tinneas cinn agus urlacan.
Seadán (paraisít) ar a dtugtar ''Plasmodium'' is cúis leis. As greim na [[muiscít]]í ionfhabhtaithe is mó a tholgtar an galar. I g[[corp]] an [[duine]] téann na seadáin isteach san [[ae]] agus tagann borradh agus fás ar líon na seadán ann. Ina dhiaidh sin ionfhabhtaíonn siad na fuilchealla dearga. Is féidir comharthaí an ghalair a aithint sa duine ionfhabhtaithe tuairim is 10-15 lá i ndiaidh na greama, mar shampla fiabhras, tinneas cinn agus urlacan.


Ta cúig speiceas Plasmodium ann a chúisíonn an mhaláire sa duine daonna: is é ''[[Plasmodium falciparum]]'' an ceann is marfaí. Is annamh a mharaíonn ''[[Plasmodium vivax]]'', ''[[Plasmodium ovale]]'' agus ''[[Plasmodium malariae]]'' an duine. [[Zónóis]] is ea ''[[Plasmodium knowlesi]]'', is é sin, galar ar féidir leis an duine é a tholgadh ó ainmhí, [[macaque]] i gcás ''P. knowlesi''.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Fong YL, Cadigan FC, Coatney GR |title=A presumptive case of naturally occurring Plasmodium knowlesi malaria in man in Malaysia |journal=Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. |volume=65 |issue=6 |pages=839–40 |year=1971 |pmid=5003320 |doi= 10.1016/0035-9203(71)90103-9|url=}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Singh B, Kim Sung L, Matusop A, ''et al.'' |title=A large focus of naturally acquired Plasmodium knowlesi infections in human beings |journal=Lancet |volume=363 |issue=9414 |pages=1017–24 |year=2004 |month=March |pmid=15051281 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(04)15836-4 |url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673604158364}}</ref>
Ta cúig speiceas Plasmodium ann a chúisíonn an mhaláire sa duine daonna: is é ''[[Plasmodium falciparum]]'' an ceann is marfaí. Is annamh a mharaíonn ''[[Plasmodium vivax]]'', ''[[Plasmodium ovale]]'' agus ''[[Plasmodium malariae]]'' an duine. [[Zónóis]] is ea ''[[Plasmodium knowlesi]]'', is é sin, galar ar féidir leis an duine é a tholgadh ó ainmhí, [[macaque]] i gcás ''P. knowlesi''.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Fong YL, Cadigan FC, Coatney GR |title=A presumptive case of naturally occurring Plasmodium knowlesi malaria in man in Malaysia |journal=Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. |volume=65 |issue=6 |pages=839–40 |year=1971 |pmid=5003320 |doi= 10.1016/0035-9203(71)90103-9|url=}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Singh B, Kim Sung L, Matusop A, ''et al.'' |title=A large focus of naturally acquired Plasmodium knowlesi infections in human beings |journal=Lancet |volume=363 |issue=9414 |pages=1017–24 |year=2004 |month=March |pmid=15051281 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(04)15836-4 |url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673604158364}}</ref>


==Leabharliosta==
=== Gearmáinis ===
* [[Jürgen Knobloch]]: ''Malaria - Grundlagen und klinische Praxis''. Uni-Med-Verlag, Bremen 2002. ISBN 3-89599-623-8
* Waldemar Malinowski: ''Impfungen für Auslandsreisende und Malariaprophylaxe. Vademecum für niedergelassene Ärzte''. Facultas-Verlag, Wien 2001. ISBN 3-85076-538-5
* Martin Kappas: ''Klimatologie: Klimaforschung im 21. Jahrhundert- Herausforderung für Natur- und Sozialwissenschaften'', Springer, 2009, ISBN 978-3-8274-1827-2 , 7.2.1. ''Auswirkungen von Temperaturveränderungen auf die Malariaübertragung''; 7.2.2. ''Auswirkungen von Niederschlagsveränderungen auf die Malariaübertragung'' {{Google Buch| BuchID = cjETRCAU-sUC&pg=PA231| Seite = 231| Hervorhebung = klimawandel+malaria }}

=== Béarla ===
* Joel G. Breman, Martin S. Alilio, Anne Mills: ''[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?call=bv.View..ShowTOC&rid=malaria.TOC&depth=2 The intolerable burden of Malaria II.]'' The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene. Bd 71, Nr. 2, Supplement. American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Northbrook 2004. {{ISSN|0002-9637}}
* Peter Perlmann, Marita Troye-Blomberg: ''Malaria Immunology''. Karger, Basel 2002. ISBN 3-8055-7376-6
* David Sullivan, Sanjeev Krishna (Hrsg.): ''Malaria. Drugs, disease and post-genomic biology''. Springer, Berlin 2005. ISBN 3-540-25363-7
* David A. Warrell, Herbert M. Gilles: ''Essential Malariology''. Arnold, London 2002. ISBN 0-340-74064-7


===Fraincis===
* Jacques Verdrager, ''L'OMS et le paludisme : mémoires d'un médecin spécialiste de la malaria''. – L'Harmattan, coll. « Acteurs de la science », Paris, 2005 {{ISBN|2-7475-8246-9}}
* « Santé des voyageurs et recommandations sanitaires 2005 », ''Bulletin épidémiologique hebdomadaire'', {{numéro}}24-25/2005 (14&nbsp;juin 2005) {{lire en ligne|lien=http://www.sante.gouv.fr/htm/pointsur/voyageurs/beh_voy05.pdf|}}
* Robert W. Snow ''et al.'' « The global distribution of clinical episodes of ''Plasmodium falciparum'' malaria », ''Nature'', vol. 434, n° 7030 (10 mars 2005), pp. 214-217 {{présentation en ligne|lien=http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v434/n7030/abs/nature03342.html|langue=en}}
* Marie Josserand Debacker, ''Paludisme : historique, mythes, croyances et idées reçues'', thèse d'exercice, Médecine, Paris XII, 2000 {{lire en ligne|lien=http://www.astrium.com/grand_dossier/paludisme/paludisme_these.htm}}
* Serge Paul Eholié, Emmanuel Bissagnéné et Pierre-Marie Girard (dir.), ''Mémento thérapeutique du paludisme en Afrique'', Doin, IMEA, Paris, 2008, 139 p. {{ISBN|978-2-7040-1253-4}}
* Christian Lengeler, Jacqueline Cattani et Don de Savigny (dir.), ''Un mur contre la malaria : du nouveau dans la prévention des décès dus au paludisme'', Centre de recherches pour le développement international, Ottawa ; Organisation mondiale de la santé, Genève, 1997, 220 p. {{ISBN|0-88936-831-7}}
* Jean Mouchet, Pierre Carnevale, Marc Coosemans et al., ''Biodiversité du paludisme dans le monde'', J. Libbey Eurotext, Montrouge, 2004, 428 p. {{ISBN|2-74200-528-5}}

==Naisc==
* {{en}} [http://www.who.int/topics/malaria/en/ WHO]
* {{en}} [http://www.emvi.org European Malaria Vaccine Initiative]
* {{en}} [http://www.malariavaccine.org Malaria Vaccine Initiative]
* {{en}} [http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/TOPICS/EXTHEALTHNUTRITIONANDPOPULATION/EXTMALARIA/0,,menuPK:377604~pagePK:149018~piPK:149093~theSitePK:377598,00.html World Bank]
* {{fr}} [http://palu.ifrance.com/ Paludisme ou Malaria]
* {{de}} [http://www.rki.de/DE/Content/InfAZ/M/Malaria/Malaria.html Malaria]


==Tagairtí==
==Tagairtí==

Leagan ó 11:09, 10 Meán Fómhair 2010

Galar tógálach is ea an mhaláire nó malaria. Tá se fliúirseach go maith sna trópaicí agus sna fothrópaicí. Bionn 350–500 milliún cás ann gach bliain,[1] Maraítear 1-3 milliún duine, 90% díobh san Afraic fho-Shahárach: páistí iad a bhformhór.[2] Tá dlúthbhaint idir an mhaláire agus an bochtanas agus uaireanta cúisíonn an galar an bochtanas.[3]

An galar

Seadán (paraisít) ar a dtugtar Plasmodium is cúis leis. As greim na muiscítí ionfhabhtaithe is mó a tholgtar an galar. I gcorp an duine téann na seadáin isteach san ae agus tagann borradh agus fás ar líon na seadán ann. Ina dhiaidh sin ionfhabhtaíonn siad na fuilchealla dearga. Is féidir comharthaí an ghalair a aithint sa duine ionfhabhtaithe tuairim is 10-15 lá i ndiaidh na greama, mar shampla fiabhras, tinneas cinn agus urlacan.

Ta cúig speiceas Plasmodium ann a chúisíonn an mhaláire sa duine daonna: is é Plasmodium falciparum an ceann is marfaí. Is annamh a mharaíonn Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovale agus Plasmodium malariae an duine. Zónóis is ea Plasmodium knowlesi, is é sin, galar ar féidir leis an duine é a tholgadh ó ainmhí, macaque i gcás P. knowlesi.[4][5]

Leabharliosta

Gearmáinis

  • Jürgen Knobloch: Malaria - Grundlagen und klinische Praxis. Uni-Med-Verlag, Bremen 2002. ISBN 3-89599-623-8
  • Waldemar Malinowski: Impfungen für Auslandsreisende und Malariaprophylaxe. Vademecum für niedergelassene Ärzte. Facultas-Verlag, Wien 2001. ISBN 3-85076-538-5
  • Martin Kappas: Klimatologie: Klimaforschung im 21. Jahrhundert- Herausforderung für Natur- und Sozialwissenschaften, Springer, 2009, ISBN 978-3-8274-1827-2 , 7.2.1. Auswirkungen von Temperaturveränderungen auf die Malariaübertragung; 7.2.2. Auswirkungen von Niederschlagsveränderungen auf die Malariaübertragung Teimpléad:Google Buch

Béarla

  • Joel G. Breman, Martin S. Alilio, Anne Mills: The intolerable burden of Malaria II. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene. Bd 71, Nr. 2, Supplement. American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Northbrook 2004. ISSN 0002-9637
  • Peter Perlmann, Marita Troye-Blomberg: Malaria Immunology. Karger, Basel 2002. ISBN 3-8055-7376-6
  • David Sullivan, Sanjeev Krishna (Hrsg.): Malaria. Drugs, disease and post-genomic biology. Springer, Berlin 2005. ISBN 3-540-25363-7
  • David A. Warrell, Herbert M. Gilles: Essential Malariology. Arnold, London 2002. ISBN 0-340-74064-7


Fraincis

  • Jacques Verdrager, L'OMS et le paludisme : mémoires d'un médecin spécialiste de la malaria. – L'Harmattan, coll. « Acteurs de la science », Paris, 2005 ISBN 2-7475-8246-9
  • « Santé des voyageurs et recommandations sanitaires 2005 », Bulletin épidémiologique hebdomadaire, Teimpléad:Numéro24-25/2005 (14 juin 2005) Teimpléad:Lire en ligne
  • Robert W. Snow et al. « The global distribution of clinical episodes of Plasmodium falciparum malaria », Nature, vol. 434, n° 7030 (10 mars 2005), pp. 214-217 Teimpléad:Présentation en ligne
  • Marie Josserand Debacker, Paludisme : historique, mythes, croyances et idées reçues, thèse d'exercice, Médecine, Paris XII, 2000 Teimpléad:Lire en ligne
  • Serge Paul Eholié, Emmanuel Bissagnéné et Pierre-Marie Girard (dir.), Mémento thérapeutique du paludisme en Afrique, Doin, IMEA, Paris, 2008, 139 p. ISBN 978-2-7040-1253-4
  • Christian Lengeler, Jacqueline Cattani et Don de Savigny (dir.), Un mur contre la malaria : du nouveau dans la prévention des décès dus au paludisme, Centre de recherches pour le développement international, Ottawa ; Organisation mondiale de la santé, Genève, 1997, 220 p. ISBN 0-88936-831-7
  • Jean Mouchet, Pierre Carnevale, Marc Coosemans et al., Biodiversité du paludisme dans le monde, J. Libbey Eurotext, Montrouge, 2004, 428 p. ISBN 2-74200-528-5

Naisc

Tagairtí

  1. ↑ Malaria Facts. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
  2. ↑ Snow RW, Guerra CA, Noor AM, Myint HY, Hay SI (2005). "The global distribution of clinical episodes of Plasmodium falciparum malaria". Nature 434 (7030): 214–7. doi:10.1038/nature03342. PMID 15759000. 
  3. ↑ "Malaria: Disease Impacts and Long-Run Income Differences" (PDF).
  4. ↑ Fong YL, Cadigan FC, Coatney GR (1971). "A presumptive case of naturally occurring Plasmodium knowlesi malaria in man in Malaysia". Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 65 (6): 839–40. doi:10.1016/0035-9203(71)90103-9. PMID 5003320. 
  5. ↑ Singh B, Kim Sung L, Matusop A, et al. (March 2004). "A large focus of naturally acquired Plasmodium knowlesi infections in human beings". Lancet 363 (9414): 1017–24. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(04)15836-4. PMID 15051281. 
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