Feabhsaitheoir (bitheolaíocht)

Is éard is feabhsaitheoir ann réigiún gearr ADN ar féidir le músclóirí (próitéiní) nascadh leis chun gur dóichí go dtitfidh tras-scríobh géine áirithe amach.^[1]^[2] Is iondúil go luaitear na próitéiní seo mar fhachtóirí tras-scríofa. D’fhéadfaidís a bheith suite suas le aon mheigiphéire bunanna amháin (1,000,000 péire bunanna) ón ngéin, suas nó síos ón láthair thosaithe.^[2]^[3] Tá na céadta míle feabhsaitheoir i ngéanom an duine.^[2] Tá siad le fáil i bprócaróit agus in eocaróit.^[4]

Idirghníomhaíonn na próitéin seo leis an meán iompair, rud a earcaíonn polaiméaráis II agus na fachtóirí tras-scríofa ginearálta chun go dtosóidh siad ag tras-scríobh na ngéinte. Tá feabhsaitheoirí le fáil laistigh d’iontróin freisin. Is féidir feabhsaitheoir iompú sa treo eile gan a fheidhmiú a athrú. Is féidir feabhsaitheoir a bhaint amach agus é a chur isteach in áit eile sa chrómasóm, agus rachaidh sé i bhfeidhm go fóill ar thras-scríobh géinte. Sin cúis amháin gur féidir le hiontróin lorg a fhágáil cé nach n-aistrítear iad. Tá feabhsaitheoirí le fáil freisin sa réigiún easónach de ghéin neamhghaolmhar,^[5]^[6]^[7] agus is féidir leo dul i bhfeidhm ar ghéinte i gcrómasóm eile.^[8]

Nótaí

↑ "Going the distance: a current view of enhancer action" (July 1998). Science 281 (5373): 60–3. doi:10.1126/science.281.5373.60. PMID 9679020.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 "Enhancers: five essential questions" (April 2013). Nature Reviews. Genetics 14 (4): 288–95. doi:10.1038/nrg3458. PMID 23503198.
↑ "Transcriptional regulatory elements in the human genome" (2006). Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics 7: 29–59. doi:10.1146/annurev.genom.7.080505.115623. PMID 16719718.
↑ "Distant activation of transcription: mechanisms of enhancer action" (December 2012). Molecular and Cellular Biology 32 (24): 4892–7. doi:10.1128/MCB.01127-12. PMID 23045397. PMC:3510544. Curtha i gcartlann 2019-03-23 ar an Wayback Machine
↑ "Exonic remnants of whole-genome duplication reveal cis-regulatory function of coding exons" (March 2010). Nucleic Acids Research 38 (4): 1071–85. doi:10.1093/nar/gkp1124. PMID 19969543.
↑ "Coding exons function as tissue-specific enhancers of nearby genes" (June 2012). Genome Research 22 (6): 1059–68. doi:10.1101/gr.133546.111. PMID 22442009.
↑ "De novo genesis of enhancers in vertebrates" (November 2011). PLoS Biology 9 (11): e1001188. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001188. PMID 22069375.
↑ "Interchromosomal associations between alternatively expressed loci" (June 2005). Nature 435 (7042): 637–45. doi:10.1038/nature03574. PMID 15880101.

[1] "Going the distance: a current view of enhancer action" (July 1998). Science 281 (5373): 60–3. doi:10.1126/science.281.5373.60. PMID 9679020.

[5questions-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 "Enhancers: five essential questions" (April 2013). Nature Reviews. Genetics 14 (4): 288–95. doi:10.1038/nrg3458. PMID 23503198.

[3] "Transcriptional regulatory elements in the human genome" (2006). Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics 7: 29–59. doi:10.1146/annurev.genom.7.080505.115623. PMID 16719718.

[4] "Distant activation of transcription: mechanisms of enhancer action" (December 2012). Molecular and Cellular Biology 32 (24): 4892–7. doi:10.1128/MCB.01127-12. PMID 23045397. PMC:3510544. Curtha i gcartlann 2019-03-23 ar an Wayback Machine

[5] "Exonic remnants of whole-genome duplication reveal cis-regulatory function of coding exons" (March 2010). Nucleic Acids Research 38 (4): 1071–85. doi:10.1093/nar/gkp1124. PMID 19969543.

[BirnbaumClowney2012-6] "Coding exons function as tissue-specific enhancers of nearby genes" (June 2012). Genome Research 22 (6): 1059–68. doi:10.1101/gr.133546.111. PMID 22442009.

[7] "De novo genesis of enhancers in vertebrates" (November 2011). PLoS Biology 9 (11): e1001188. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001188. PMID 22069375.

[pmid-8] "Interchromosomal associations between alternatively expressed loci" (June 2005). Nature 435 (7042): 637–45. doi:10.1038/nature03574. PMID 15880101.

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